Reading Assignment #21

予習の仕方

1. まずは記事を読み大意を把握する。

2. わからない単語を確認し、記事の内容を理解しながらしっかり読む。

3. Quizに取り組む。（解答は公開されません。仲間と意見交換して適切な答えを探すのも良いでしょう)

   • 語彙問題では、パソコンの検索機能Command+F（Mac）、Ctrl+F（Windows）等を使い、本文から単語を探しましょう。

4. もう一度記事を読んで理解を確認する。

5. Further studies

   • 記事のトピックについてリサーチする

   • 記事のサマリーをまとめる

   • 著者について調べる

   • 関連記事を読む

   • その他

1. nature NEWS

注：この記事は学内からのみアクセスできます。学外から読む場合は、VPN接続する必要がありますので、ご注意ください。

Article Title

• Artificial intelligence decodes the facial expressions of mice (02 April 2020)

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01002-7

2. Quiz

Answer the following questions.

Exercise: Answer the following questions.

1. Which of the following can substitute for the word "manifest" in "they manifest in the brain"?

a) forward

b) project

c) appear

2. What is the ultimate goal of the study done by Nadine Gogolla?

a) To learn how emotions emerge in the brain of animals. 

b) To understand how emotions arise in human brains. 

c) To know how emotions are triggered in human brains. 

3. Which of the following is the word characteristic in "characteristics " in "emotions should exhibit particular characteristics" in meaning to?  

a) figure

b) personality 

c) quality 

4. What was learned about facial expressions displayed by the mice in the research? 

a) They correlated with their emotional states.

b) Hardly any expressions emerged on their faces.

c) They showed no meaningful patterns. 

5. Which of the following did the study outlined in this article say about the theory proposed by Anderson? 

a) The study did not confirm any points Anderson made about emotions. 

b) The study confirmed several points Anderson made about emotions.

c) The study confirmed only one point Anderson made about emotions.

6. Which of the following is the word recognize in "recognized" in "Machine-learning algorithms recognized " closest in meaning to?

a) identify

b) remember

c) acknowledge

7. What may be one advantage of the machine-learning algorithms employed in the research? 

a) They can work consistently. 

b) They can work without any input from the experimenter. 

c) They can eliminate the prejudice of the experimenter.  

8. Which of the following is the word "relevant" in "the relevant facial expressions" closest in meaning to? 

a) rational

b) corresponding

c) compulsive

9. Why did the team which conducted the study use two-photon calcium imaging?

a) To identify brain cells that might produce these emotions in the brain

b) To pinpoint individual neuronal circuits shown to trigger particular emotions. 

c) To spot individual neurons that fire when specific emotions and facial expressions are elicited.

10. Which of the following is the word conserve in "emotion may be evolutionary conserved" closest in meaning to? 

a) reserve

b) preserve

c) persevere